TY - GEN AU - Eisemon, Thomas Owen TI - Reducing repetition: issues and strategies SN - 92-803-1165-4 PB - UNESCO KW - KW - KW - N2 - Repetition rates are a powerful measure of educational efficiency. This paper reviews the magnitude, causes and consequences of high repetition. Attention is drawn to the presistence of under reporting; the importance of home/family and school factors, as well as the contribution of repetition to academic failure and drop out. High repetition rates in African countries, especially in Francophone countries, perhaps best illustrate the systemic characteristics of repetition ER -